Monday, January 25, 2021

Terminology

Important terminologies mostly used in Centrifugal Pumps:

Suction Lift
Suction Head
Priming
Cavitation
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHA, NPSHR)
Pump Performance
Best Efficiency Point (BEP)
Pump Affinity Law
Pump Efficiency
Water Horse Power
Specific Speed 
Parallel Operation
Series Operation
Shut off Head
Unstable Performance
Drooping Performance


Wednesday, January 20, 2021

What is a Pump ?

Pump is a mechanical device used to transfer liquids from one point to other by imparting energy supplied by a prime mover to the liquid. 

Types of Pumps

Pump types generally fall into two main categories - Dynamic (Centrifugal) pump

                                                                                 - Positive Displacement pump


PUMP CHARACTERISTIC 

PUMP EFFICIENCY

Unstable & Drooping

Shutoff Head

The shut-off head of a pump is at where the flow rate in a vertical pipe connected to the operating pump becomes zero.

Series & Parallel Operation

Affinity Laws

 Q1/Q2 = (N1/N2)    or    (D1/D2)
 H1/H2 = (N1/N2)2   or    (D1/D2)2    
 P1/P2 = (N1/N2)3   or    (D1/D2)3
 Q = Flow, N = shaft speed RPM,  D = Impeller diameter, H = head,  P = power

Head & Pressure Relationship


Priming
Cavitation
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHANPSHR)

 




Monday, January 18, 2021

 


I am being a Mechanical engineer with 40 years of experience in maintenance of production line and Power plant machines. During my services, I had come across many different kinds of problems and breakdowns which leads to partial or total shutdown of the plant. A suitable & safe method had to be adopted to fix the deficiency and put back the machine into operational. 

In my entire tenure, I had taken up many challenging tasks and successfully solved the issue. To expedite the maintenance, it is very much essential to understand the technology of machine. 

The idea of this website is to share my experience with young generation of Mechanical Engineers. 

Here is a moral story of an Old man's Experience.

A giant ship engine failed. The ship’s owners tried one expert after another, but none of them could figure but how to fix the engine.

Then they brought in an old man who had been fixing ships since he was a young. He carried a large bag of tools with him, and when he arrived, he immediately went to work. He inspected the engine very carefully, top to bottom.

Two of the ship’s owners were there, watching this man, hoping he would know what to do. After looking things over, the old man reached into his bag and pulled out a small hammer. He gently tapped something. Instantly, the engine lurched into life. He carefully put his hammer away. The engine was fixed!

A week later, the owners received a bill from the old man for ten thousand dollars.

“What?!” the owners exclaimed. “He hardly did anything!”

So they wrote the old man a note saying, “Please send us an itemized bill.

The man sent a bill that read:

Tapping with a hammer………………….. $ 2.00

Knowing where to tap…………………….. $ 9,998.00

Effort is important, but knowing where to make an effort makes all the difference!


Good Luck

Positive Displacement Pump

Positive displacement pumps are pressure oriented. As the pressure is considerably high, discharge can not be isolated. However Relief valve is used in discharge to relieve over pressure to the system itself. Mostly these pumps are applied in hydraulic services. 

Classification:

Rotary Pump:
                Gear pump:
                                Internal gear pump


                                External gear pump


                Vane pump


                Lobe pump


                Screw pump




Reciprocating Pump:
                Piston pump
                Plunger pump 


                Diaphragm pump









Dynamic Pump also called as Centrifugal Pump

Classification of Centrifugal Pump

According to Position of the Pump: 

                                            Vertical 

                                            Horizontal

According to No. of Stages: 

                                            Single stage

                                            Multi stage

According to Casing split: 

                                        Axial split

                                        Radial split


According to Casing Design: 

                                            Volute casing

                                            Diffuser casing

According to Impeller:

                        Suction: 

                                    Single suction

                                    Double Suction



                        Construction: Open, Semi open, Closed



                        Flow: 

                                Axial flow

                                Radial flow

                                Mixed flow




                    Vane curvature: 

                                            Forward curved vane

                                            Backward curved vane

                    Balancing: 

                                            Balancing Holes

                                            Rudimentary vanes







According to

According to



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